Dislipidemia en paciente diabético y proceso de atención de enfermería

Abstract

INTRODUCTION The dyslipidemias are alterations of the lipids in the bloodstream that do not present symptoms, due to this the dyslipidemias could only be detected by means of laboratory tests only in this way it can be detected if there is abnormality in the lipid levels in the blood of both cholesterol as triglycerides. Too high a body mass index is the trigger for a patient to develop dyslipidemia in the blood, especially in the accumulated fat at the abdominal level. Several studies have shown that dyslipidemias have a high mortality rate due to cardiovascular risk, can produce diabetes mellitus in a short time and can cause non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. The metabolism of lipids with insulin plays an important role, lipase becomes perceptive to hormones within adipose tissue, so it exerts effects against lipids by promoting the storage of triglycerides in adipocytes and fatty acids reduce their release to circulation from adipose tissue. The metabolism of lipids with insulin plays an important role, lipase becomes perceptive to hormones within adipose tissue, so it exerts effects against lipids by promoting the storage of triglycerides in adipocytes and fatty acids reduce their release to circulation from adipose tissue. In patients who do not have diabetes mellitus it can produce a 67% decrease in triglycerides of VLDL. While decreasing circulating free fatty acids insulin decreases VLDL production Among the risk factors that can be detected at an early age are: obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, kidney infections, hormonal diseases, heart disease, hypothyroidism, and sedentary lifestyle, family history such as premature dyslipidemia in parents or grandparents, cardiovascular diseases. In patients with diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemias are usually due to insulin resistance. In blood transport, the most important lipids are cholesterol and triglycerides. The diagnosis of dyslipidemias is made through laboratory tests so it is advisable to perform it from 20 years of age to identify certain altered values of lipids in the bloodstream, usually should be done this type of exams those patients where there is a risk of lipid alterations in the relatives The drug used today for the treatment of dyslipidemias are statins, which are dosed according to the risks of cardiac events that can develop at 10 years, especially if in the clinical record there is a risk of cerebrovascular events, statins are recommended both in primary and secondary prevention in all patients, studies have already been done with scientific evidence confirming the benefits they cause in patients. The process of nursing care has scientific value of solving problems, which makes the quality of care provided to patients reliable, favoring a better work performance Change eating habits because high-calorie diets favor the high level of triglycerides in the blood, have a healthy lifestyle, physical activity, nutritional diet, monthly medical check-ups, adequate treatment, compliance with treatment.