bachelorThesis
Evaluación de la eficiencia de productos alternativos para el control de Tecia solanivora y Symmetrischema tangolias en diferentes estadios larvarios
Fecha
2022-03-08Autor
Herrera Rojas, Ana Lucia
Rodríguez Lazo, Erika Paola
Institución
Resumen
Potatoes constitute one of the most important products for the economy and
food security of Ecuador, being one of the most important agricultural items for
peasant agriculture. The presence of invasive pests, especially the moth
complex, cause considerable damage to the product, making it unusable for
consumption and commercialization, generating economic losses. Situation that
has worsened with the drastic and excessive use of chemical fertilizers to
control the plague, given its high toxicity, causing damage to health and the
environment. Botanical treatments are a profitable alternative for the
management of these pests, which contribute to solving this problem. The
objective of this study is to analyze the efficacy of different alternative products
for the control of the potato moth complex. This trial was carried out in Cuenca
in the Cañaribamba parish, where 5 types of treatments were established, using
individual rearing chambers for each test pest Tecia solanivora and
Symmetrischema tangolias, which are common in mumps areas of the
Ecuadorian highlands, to which the treatments in tuber seeds were applied for
their subsequent infestation. The treatments in question for the control of moths
to be evaluated were T1) azadirachtin X, T2) lupine cooking water, T3)
eucalyptus ash, T4) malathion and T5) control, malathion being the usual
chemical treatment for farmers. Finally, in the experiment it was observed that
ash and azadirachtin had the best efficacy especially in immature stages of the
pest, showing a significant control for the evaluation parameters of larval
mortality, tuber damage and protection period, with 60% effective, although not
as effective as malathion, which was 100%, which proved to be the most
efficient, economical, and sustainable pest control treatment, compared to the
alternatives of botanical and control extracts.