bachelorThesis
Influencia de variables climáticas, topográficas y edáficas sobre la composición florística, diversidad de especies y densidad en bosques montanos andinos, macizo del Cajas, provincia del Azuay
Fecha
2020-01-22Autor
Mosquera Guamán, Pablo Andrés
Piedra Quezada, Angélica Karina
Institución
Resumen
Ecuador has numerous Andean ecosystems among which the native forests stand out.
Unfortunately, these natural vegetation ecosystems are threatened by deforestation. Due to the
lack of information of these forest ecosystems in the province of Azuay, it is necessary to carry
out this work that serves as a starting point to assess these ecosystems regarding their taxonomic
diversity. This investigation specifies information in twenty permanent sampling plots located
on two altitude floors (Chaucha 2000 to 3000 m. a. s. l and San Gerardo > 3000 m. a. s. l). Here
the floristic composition was determined, the diversity was quantified based on the richness and
alpha diversity index. The density of the woody vegetation was also quantified and relations
between the composition, diversity and density were established with variables of temperature,
precipitation, altitude, slope, apparent density, organic matter, pH, texture and electrical
conductivity of these Andean forests. As a result, it was determined that the floristic
composition and richness was higher at the site of lower altitude (Chaucha) while the density
was higher at the site of higher altitude (San Gerardo). Regarding the environmental variables,
there were no differences (P <0.05) for slope and apparent density at a depth of 15 cm, nor for
pH, nor electrical conductivity at both depths. The soil was characterized as silty loam in
Chaucha and as silty loam and sandy loam in San Gerardo. In general, there were correlations
between the vegetation variables and the environmental variables studied, thus presenting 9
correlations in woody biotypes ≥ 5 cm of DAP and 8 in biotypes ≥ 10 cm of DAP.