bachelorThesis
Prevalencia de gingivitis inducida por biofilm dental en escolares con discapacidad intelectual de la Unidad Educativa Especial del Azuay y de la Escuela de Educación Básica Fiscomisional San José de Calasanz en la ciudad de Cuenca – Ecuador
Autor
Wen Chun, Chen
Matute Tello, María Teresa
Institución
Resumen
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of gingivitis associated with
dental biofilm in students with intellectual disabilities from “Unidad Educativa
Especial del Azuay” and “Escuela de Educación Básica Fiscomisional San José de
Calasanz” in the city of Cuenca - Ecuador during the period March 2018 - March
2019. It consists of a descriptive cross-sectional study, which analyzed 133 students
with mental retardation, Down syndrome and autism between 3 and 20 years old.
The quality of hygiene (O'Leary Index) and gingival status (Löe and Sillness Gingival
Index and periodontogram data based on the classification of biofilm-induced gum
diseases) were evaluated to identify the presence of gingival conditions associated
with biofilm. The study included 65 women (48.87%) and 68 men (51.13%), of whom
51.88% were located within a mild cognitive disability. According to the O'Leary
index, it was evidenced that 100% of the participants had poor hygiene, and when
relating it to the Löe and Sillnes gingival index, a prevalence of moderate gingivitis
was demonstrated at 58.65%. Only one person with healthy gums was found
(0.75%). Regarding the Armitage classification of gingival diseases, a frequency of
68 participants (51.13%) presented localized gingivitis.
In conclusion a high prevalence of gum disease is observed in the population
evaluated, demonstrating an inadequate oral hygiene state where 99.25% of people
with intellectual disabilities analyzed in the study presented indicators of gingivitis,
with no differences in gingival health between the two groups of students.