Precisión diagnóstica ecográfica para la determinación de malformaciones congénitas mayores en el Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca-Ecuador 2016

Abstract

Background: congenital malformations are important causes of infant mortality. In 2010, the Member States of the WHO agreed to promote primary prevention strategies, as well as improving early detection methods. An accurate prenatal diagnosis allows health professionals prepare for the delivery and take any necessary steps (surgical, reanimation) under an adequate setting. Objective: to determine the accuracy of ultrasound imaging in the diagnosis of major congenital malformations at the Jose Carrasco Arteaga Hospital, Cuenca- Ecuador Methods: a descriptive study was performed from June 2016 to December 2016. All patients at 20 to 40 weeks gestacion that visitied HJCA ultrasound imaging service were included. Medical records of newborns of all cases were used to confirm congenital malformations. All data was included in a Congenital Malformations data base created for this study. Results: 238 ultrasounds were performed. Congenital malformations, complicated 6.3 % of all deliveries (1.3 % hydrocephalus, 0.4 % gastroschisis, 5% others). The risk of major congcenital malformations was 4 times higher in women under the age of 20 years and above the age of 35 years. Ultasound sensitivity was 86.67 %, specificity 98,65 %, PPV 81.25 %, NPV 99,1 % LR+ 64,42, LR- 0,14 Conclusion: prevalence of major congenital malformations was higher than results presented on other studies. In this setting, ultrasound imaging is a robust tool in the diagnosis of major congenital malformations.