Análisis del comportamiento de los componentes de torres de trasmisión eléctrica frente a sobretensiones transitorias producidas por descargas atmosféricas

Abstract

Transmission lines are a fundamental part and physically the most extensive part of the electrical power system. It is very important to maintain the reliability of the lines regardless of the environmental conditions of the sector which they pass. The study of the coordination of the isolation and the analysis of the transients caused by the atmospheric lightning in transmission lines are of most important for the correct operation of the system in order to comply with the demand requirements. For the study of the behavior of the elements that make up the transmission lines against atmospheric lightning, the transmission towers of 138, 230 and 500 kV were modeled based on the representation of their structures by means of cone and cylinder impedances. For this study, the modeling of an atmospheric lightning was carried out when it impacts directly on the guard wire. Finally, the analysis of the overvoltage and the current waveforms reflected in each of the elements was carried out, verifying that for this case study there are no faults in the insulation of the transmission towers.