Caracterização da pesca e produção pesqueira no médio Araguari, Ferreira Gomes, Amapá, Brasil

Abstract

Fishing is an economic activity of paramount importance for social development, since many populations survive mainly from fishing, mainly in the Amazon. These are the riverine populations, who take their livelihood and income from fishing. In this sense, this study proposed to generate information about the fishing activity of the municipality of Ferreira Gomes, through the characterization of the fishery and analysis of the landing. Information on social, operational and economic characteristics was collected through semi-structured forms, where 31 forms were applied in June 2014 and 104 in the period from June to September 2017, totaling 135 fishermen belonging to the Z-7 colony. Fishing records provided by the colony Z-7 for the years 2015 and 2016 were used to estimate the volume and composition of the fishing landings. The results showed that fishing is destined for consumption and sale, carried out mostly by women, with an average age of 42 and incomplete elementary school. The main fishing gear employed is the holding net, followed by the hand line. The vessels used are small, motorized and rowing. Fishermen say that the construction of hydroelectric dams on the Araguari River were the main causes for the decrease and reduction of fish stocks in the river. The landing is composed of 44 groups and / or species, of which Tucunaré (Cichla spp.), Acará (Geophagus sp.) And Aracu (Leporinus spp, Schizodon spp) were the most abundant during the two periods studied. The average sales price as well as the volume of landings varied according to the hydrological cycle of the region. The costs per fishery were higher in the period of the flood, while the profit was during the dry season. Thus, the study showed the importance of fishing for the economy of Ferreira Gomes due to the number of workers involved and the diversity of species of fish exploited. Therefore, it is necessary to elaborate adequate management measures for marketing and management actions to improve the fishing activity of the region