Tesis
Diagnóstico dos usos da água e do solo na bacia do Ribeirão Ponte de Pedra (Mato Grosso) e seus efeitos sobre a qualidade da água
Fecha
2016-08-12Registro en:
OLIVEIRA, Valdeci Antonio de. Diagnóstico dos usos da água e do solo na bacia do Ribeirão Ponte de Pedra (Mato Grosso) e seus efeitos sobre a qualidade da água. 2016. 65 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Recursos Hídricos) - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Faculdade de Arquitetura, Engenharia e Tecnologia, Cuiabá, 2016.
Autor
Cruz, Ibraim Fantin da
Figueiredo, Daniela Maimoni de
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3560534707014049
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0191832925366432
Cruz, Ibraim Fantin da
933.203.451-68
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0191832925366432
Figueiredo, Daniela Maimoni de
514.537.111-04
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3560534707014049
933.203.451-68
514.537.111-04
Dores, Eliana Freire Gaspar de Carvalho
010.092.058-62
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4094572237082106
Camargo, Janielly Carvalho
004.512.221-05
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8996986498817280
Institución
Resumen
The change of use and occupation of the river basin, mainly the conversion of natural areas in
agricultural and urban-industrial areas has an important influence on water resources. Thereby
to make the diagnosis of water use and its effects on the water quality of Ribeirão Ponte de
Pedra basin, this study was divided into two chapters, the first of which was to evaluate the
quality and water availability in the basin considering the uses of water and the land use
consequences. The classification of these uses was made from Landsat-8 images.
Hydrological characterization and water availability were obtained from series of
precipitation and water flow of the basin. Water quality and Water Quality Index were
analyzed from 18 parameters according to CONAMA Resolution 375/2005. The basin has a
large area subjected to anthropogenic influence (75.31%), such as temporary crops, pasture
and bare soil, and only 0.9% of forest cover. The hydrologic regime has remarkable
seasonality, with a grantable flow 8.26 m3
.s-1, of these 31% have already been granted. The
water quality was considered poor and fair in 73% of samples, and five of the parameters have
been in disagreement with the law. In the second chapter it was considered that the
construction of small hydropower plants (SHP) can cause several changes in river ecosystems,
especially when designed in cascade. So it had as objective to quantify the effects of two SHP
in cascade operation and evaluate its individual and cumulative effects of altering the water
quality of the Ribeirão Ponte de Pedra. Were used 15 water quality parameters derived from
the environmental monitoring of the undertakings, collected every six months between 2006
and 2013. The Wilcoxon test has shown that SHP Jose Gelazio significantly changed five
parameters, leading to a 3% increase in temperature and 28% reduction of color, 22% of
dissolved solids, 20% total solids and 12% suspended solids. The SHP Rondonopolis
significantly changed only two parameters, reducing the temperature at 3% and increasing pH
at 1.5%. Regarding the cumulative effect the reservoirs significantly changed two parameters,
causing an increase of 18% in total phosphorus concentrations and reduced by 48% of the
total solids. These effects are associated with an increased water exposure to solar radiation
and particle retention process due to increased hydraulic retention time in the reservoirs. With
this, it is observed that the cumulative effects of the cascade system was 15% greater than the
sum of the individual effects, indicating that projects in cascade tends to potentialize effects
isolated. The basin water quality is in concern, being necessary control measures to ensure the
multiple uses and environmental quality.