Tesis
Atributos do solo e emissão de CO2 em Terra Preta Arqueológica preservada e sob cultivo em Novo Aripuanã, Amazonas, Brasil
Fecha
2016-07-28Registro en:
CUNHA, José Maurício da. Atributos do solo e emissão de CO2 em Terra Preta Arqueológica preservada e sob cultivo em Novo Aripuanã, Amazonas, Brasil. 2016. 80 f. Tese (Doutorado em Física Ambiental) - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Física, Cuiabá, 2016.
Autor
Gaio, Denilton Carlos
Campos, Milton César Costa
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9041514924498589
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8132654148436579
Gaio, Denilton Carlos
450.430.359-00
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8132654148436579
Musis, Carlo Ralph de
545.383.511-72
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2229878954372934
450.430.359-00
711.308.453-20
Sanches, Luciana
773.270.980-00
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2358137001200356
Campos, Milton César Costa
711.308.453-20
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9041514924498589
Bergamin, Anderson Cristian
713.744.342-72
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3961477986363222
Institución
Resumen
Changes in the composition of the vegetation of natural ecosystems, the use and
management of soil, can have negative consequences on the ground, favoring the
emergence of areas susceptible to physical degradation. In addition, there is the
difficulty of finding information on the uses of Archaeological Dark Earth compared
to environments under forest, specifically to evaluate possible changes in physical
attributes and organic carbon, in addition to spatial variations of soil CO2 efflux.
Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the physical properties, the organic
carbon and the soil CO2 efflux in areas of Archaeological Dark Earth with different
cover vegetation: guandu bean (Cajanus cajan), pasture (Brachiaria brizanta) and in
native forest, using techniques of traditional univariate and multivariate statistics and
geostatistics. Were delimited meshes sampling with regular spacing with 88
sampling points per mesh, and georeferenced. Soil samples and volumetric cylinders
were collected in the layers 0.0-0.05 m, 0.05-0.10 m and 0.10-0.20 m for
determination of physical properties and soil organic carbon. Assessments of soil
CO2 efflux were performed using the LI-6400 systems in each sample point, and
simultaneously were made measurements of soil temperature at 0-10 cm depth, using
a thermometer portable thermistor, and soil moisture, using soil samples collected in
the 0-10 cm layer. The results showed behavioral changes between environments
with areas under guandu bean and pasture differ statistically with the area under
forest, which showed stability aggregate characteristics above average, as well as
structural characteristics, particle-size distribution and organic carbon below average.
Soil CO2 efflux and soil temperature were lower in forest, with higher soil moisture.
There was no statistical difference between the soil CO2 efflux and soil temperature
under the guandu bean and pasture, but with lower soil moisture under pasture. By
geostatistical analysis, soil properties showed standard behavioral changes of the
spatial variability environments evaluated, analyzed in terms of the main components
related to stability aggregate characteristics (PC1) and the structural characteristics,
particle-size distribution and organic carbon (PC2).On the other hand, we observed
changes in patterns of spatial variability of the soil CO2 efflux, soil temperature and
soil moisture attributes, compared with the study areas. The adjustment models of
semivariogram were spherical and exponential. The maps of the spatial distribution
patterns indicate a tendency of concentration of the evaluated attributes.