Dissertação
Efeito das micotoxinas no estresse oxidativo, parâmetros bioquímicos séricos, microbiota cecal e morfometria intestinal de frangos de corte
Fecha
2021-08-20Autor
Liberalesso, Diogo
Institución
Resumen
This research aims to evaluate the toxic effects of the main mycotoxins of interest in the
Brazilian poultry industry, drawing in a single study to measure the toxic effects caused by
aflatoxins, fumonisins, deoxynivalenol and T-2 toxin in cutting strips, evaluating markers of
biochemical damage serums, analysis of the cecal microbiota and jejuna morphometri. Sixty
male chicks kept from 1-28 days of age were used. The animals were randomly divided into 5
groups: T1 (basal diet, negative control), T2 (basal diet + 2.8 mg.kg-¹ of aflatoxins), T3 (basal
diet + 120 mg.kg-¹ of fumonisins), T4 (basal diet + 50 mg.kg-¹ deoxynivalenol) and T5 (basal
diet + 3 mg.kg-¹ toxin T-2). The following analyzes were performed in serum biochemistry:
total proteins, albumin, uric acid, cholesterol, triglycerides, calcium, phosphorus, alanine
aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). In the plasma of the poultrys
used in the study, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), carbonyl protein (CARB)
and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured. A jejunum fragment was collected to
assess the height of villi and crypt depth. From the cecal content of these animals, cultures and
counting Lactobacillus spp. and total coliforms. The presence of aflatoxins in the diet of
poultrys promoted a decrease in serum levels of total protein, albumin and cholesterol.
Fumonisins promoted an increase in AST activity. The addition of T-2 toxin in the poultry diet
led to an increase in ALT activity and a decrease in total protein levels. Deoxynivalenol did not
change the biochemical parameters in the present study and uric acid and triglyceride levels
were not altered with the presence of mycotoxins tested in the diets. The height of the villi was
modified with the presence of aflatoxins and fumonisins in the feed and deoxynivalenol was
able to decrease the depth of crypts and thus alter the villous/crypt ratio. The total coliform
count in the cecum of birds was increased in all treatments contaminated with mycotoxins,
however the count of Lactobacillus spp. was not changed in the present study. The level of
TBARS and CARB in the animals' plasma did not change with the presence of mycotoxins in
the diets, but the TAC was increased in treatments with aflatoxins and deoxynivalenol. The
results show the effects of mycotoxins on serum biochemical parameters, oxidative stress, as
well as the ability of these toxic metabolites to affect the intestine and interact with the
microbiota of this organ.