Dissertação
Estimativa do impacto das perdas devido ao uso inadequado da tecnologia de aplicação no manejo fitossanitário da cultura da soja
Fecha
2021-02-11Autor
Lidório, Henrique Fernando
Institución
Resumen
Soybean are a culture of great commercial prominence in Brazil and the world, moving the
economy and generating jobs. On the other hand, the crop still presents several challenges,
when it comes to plant control of pests, diseases and invasive plants, since in its production
several organisms capable of hindering production, bringing numerous losses. At the peak of
soybean development is the time when the products and techniques used to control any diseases,
weeds or pests should have better results, and phytosanitary control is necessary and essential
to ensure that soybeans can express its full productive potential without further interference and
the use of application technology in this process is essential, as it includes technical and
scientific knowledge for the correct deposition of pesticides on the target to be controlled.
However, application technology is still largely overlooked by producers, due to the lack of
necessary knowledge or negligence in the application, which can cause losses that until then,
its estimated percentage of efficiency loss in applications, was unknown. The use of statistical
methods with systematic review using meta-analysis allowed us to estimate these losses and in
this study allowed us to sum up new conclusions about the efficiency losses caused by
misconceptions in pesticide applications in soybean, demonstrating that about 40% of product
efficiency is lost in the area of disease control, 30% in the area of weeds control and
approximately 27% of efficiency losses in the area of pest control, representing an estimated
loss of more than US$ 920.2 Million, US$ 634.9 Million and US$ 595 Million, respectively.
Of all pesticides applied in soybean, we are losing on average about 32% of control efficiency
and precisely in the area of disease control, considering the different levels of the plant, the
difference between the best and the worst treatment were, 51% at the lower level, 40% at the
middle level and 34% at the top level of the plant. These data show the difficulties in reaching
in the low parts of the soybean plant, in addition to the difficulty of reaching a homogeneity at
all levels. The application of pesticides is an activity that demands attention in all its processes,
both in the way products are being applied and the economic part of the entire application
process, and there should be a planning of phytosanitary control to avoid productive and
economic losses, in addition to environmental problems.