Treinamento muscular inspiratório na força muscular ventilatória e na variabilidade da frequência cardíaca de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca

Abstract

Cardiac surgery (CC) presents a risk of postoperative complications (CPP), with higher chances of pulmonary complications such as atelectasis, pneumonia and pleural effusion which lead to reduced lung volumes, impaired respiratory mechanics, decreased pulmonary compliance and increased respiratory work. In this context, inspiratory muscle training (IMT) promotes positive effects on the recovery of pulmonary activity in patients undergoing CHD, improving inspiratory muscle strength by increasing MIP (maximal inspiratory pressure). Objective: To evaluate the effects of IMT on ventilatory muscle strength and heart rate variability in adult patients undergoing CHD. Methods: A clinical trial was performed with 21 patients undergoing WC, with a mean age of 61.2 ± 7.7 of both sexes and divided into two groups: the control group (CG), which performed only conventional physical therapy, and the IMT group (GTMI), which performed conventional physiotherapy in addition to the IMT protocol. The instruments used for data collection were MVD 300 digital manovacuometer to measure MIP and MEP (maximal expiratory pressure) in the Preoperative (SOP), 1st postoperative (1st PO) and 7th postoperative and Polar® S810i for heart rate variability records in POP and 7th PO. Results: There was a greater tendency for GTMI to increase MIP values at 7 th PO and HR increase in both groups at 7 th PO. Conclusion: IMT led to a better recovery in MIP values compared to CG.