Comparação de dois índices estéticos em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia para recobrimento radicular com enxerto de tecido conjuntivo subepitelial e uma matriz de colágeno

Abstract

Introduction: The exposure of the root surface, as a result of gingival recessions, can cause aesthetic damage and emit. For these reasons, the treatment of gingival recessions has been sought and indicated through coronally advanced flap (CAF) associated with connective tissue grafts (CTG) or biomaterials. Aim: To evaluate the esthetic impact of surgeries procedures for root coverage with CTG and a collagen matrix xenogenous (CMX) in patients with bilateral gingival recessions of type 1. Methods: Three examiners at different levels of education, independent, trained and calibrated among themselves, evaluated a sequence of 100 photographs of 25 patients with 50 recessions, at baseline and 6 months after the procedure. This study was a randomized, controlled, double-blind and split-mouth clinical trial. The test group was treated by the CAF technique associated with CMX, while the control group was submitted to a CAF + CTG subepithelial. The esthetic evaluation obtained through the PES and RES in the photographs. For an intragroup statistical analysis of the data, the paired Student t test was applied, for an inter-group analysis the Student t test was used, with a statistical significance of 5% being pre-established. Results: The mean values of RES and PES for the test group were 8.15 ± 0.5 and 8.52 ± 0.51, respectively, 8.34 ± 1.12 and 8.92 ± 1.33 for the control group. The control group had more cases with better scores for Level (LGM) (p < 0.001) and Contour Gingival Margin (CGM) (p = 0.024), while the test group had more cases with better soft tissue texture score (STT) (p < 0.001). No important differences were observed in other RES variables. A significant statistical difference was observed only in the PES intragroup analysis, for both groups. Conclusion: The CAF + CMX or CTG promote improvement in the overall aesthetic aspect after 06 months, with no difference between them. The CTG promotes the best final position and the contour of the gingival margin, while the CMX is aesthetically superior in STT.