Otimização de um sistema fotovoltaico utilizando ferramentas de planejamento experimental

Abstract

Brazil, despite having a renewable energetic matrix, still has an insignificant energy production from photovoltaic systems. From regulatory milestones of the national regulatory agency, the price increase in the energy tariff and the drop in the cost of installing photovoltaic systems, the production of distributed energy in the country has grown considerably. The aim of this work is to study the impact of photovoltaic technology (amorphous silicon, monocrystalline and polycrystalline silicon), the nominal power of the photovoltaic module (modules of higher or lower rated power) and the number of inverters used (just one central inverter or one inverter per string) in the energy production and system losses. For this, it was used the design of experiments technique (factorial experiments) applied to simulations in a software for photovoltaic energy. In addition, as a way of validating the photovoltaic potential of Brazil and comparing the behavior of this system in the different national meteorological conditions, the grouping technique was used to define the cities for the simulations, being chosen Brasília, Curitiba, Manaus , Salvador and São Paulo. As a result, the impact of each one of the four factors(panel technology, rated power, number of inverters and location) were analyzed in eight typical responses of a photovoltaic system involving produced energy, yield, production indicators and system losses. It was concluded that the configuration with the polycrystalline silicon technology that uses panels of higher rated power and only one connected inverter is the most efficient for the all regions considered, also validating the potential of the country for photovoltaic energy production.