Desenvolvimento de uma estratégia de controle para otimização da velocidade de bombeio durante o ciclo de sistemas operando por bombeio mecânico

Abstract

In the petroleum industry, automation and control of oil wells stand out due to the relevant results of its correct use, thus becoming indispensable in the oil industry to achieve maximum performance from each well. Sucker-rod pumping is an artificial lift method applied to onshore environment, it is the most used method in number of installed wells in the world. In order to introduce new control techniques to this method, this work comes with the proposal of developing a control strategy for pumping speed optimization. The developed tool operates with the speed variation during the cycle, in order to increase the average pumping speed and to mitigate the negative effects related to this increase. A proportional integral derivative controller (PID) was used. Initially, a bibliographic survey on the subject was carried out, covering patents and studies that had as theme the variation of the pumping speed, as well as the basic concepts about the PID control and the role of the surface and downhole dynamometer charts. To implement the control, it was used the programming language JAVA. For validation, a simulator was used as a virtual well and simulations were performed with the developed controller, comparing the results obtained before and after the control application. As a result, it was observed that the strategy developed was able to optimize the production in SRP systems, considering that there was a reduction of approximately 20% in the efforts of the equipment in the pumping unit, without any considerable loss of yield in production levels.