Análise do sistema de esgotamento sanitário do Bairro de Nova Descoberta em Natal/RN

Abstract

Sanitary sewage systems (SES) are composed of structures that contribute to the proper functioning of basic sanitation, namely: collection network, interceptor, outfall, inverted siphon, pumping station, treatment station and receiving water body. However, to guarantee the efficiency of the system, all stages must be interconnected and depend on the operation of machines and equipment, as well as regular maintenance. Thus. The present work corresponds to the evaluation of the SES of the neighborhood of Nova Descoberta located in the urban area of the city of Natal/RN and aims to analyze the existing problems and propose pertinent solutions, considering that the neighborhood under study is located in an area of social interest of the municipality. The evaluation of the sanitary sewage system was carried out using information present in the Municipal Basic Sanitation Plan, georeferenced information, data from the provider of sanitary sewage services, Companhia de Águas e Esgoto do Rio Grande do Norte (CAERN) and the Agência de Águas e Esgoto do Rio Grande do Norte (CAERN). Regulator of Basic Sanitation Services in the municipality of Natal (ARSBAN) and on-site visits. With these data in hand, it was possible to identify both constructive and operational problems, such as: percentage 17.55% of households without coverage of the collective SES; non-adherence to sewage network connections; absence of steps and fundamental equipment - such as secondary collector and inspection box; releases of polluting loads into the drainage network; open sewer release; pollution of the neighborhood's drainage pond; contribution to the proliferation of disease vectors resulting from the lack of basic sanitation. Therefore, as it does not have 100% of the households with access to the SES, its operation is defective, causing inconvenience to the population and, therefore, CAERN does not charge for sewage services in these homes without coverage. Finally, it is necessary to make the corrections referring to the SES of the neighborhood in order to offer the citizens the collection and treatment of adequate effluents, avoiding damages to the environment, to the health of the population and to the economy of the municipality.