doctoralThesis
Agentes Inteligentes com Foco de Atenção Afetivo em Simulações Baseadas em Agentes
Fecha
2012-08-17Registro en:
SIGNORETTI, Alberto. Agentes Inteligentes com Foco de Atenção Afetivo em Simulações Baseadas
em Agentes. 2012. 229 f. Tese (Doutorado em Automação e Sistemas; Engenharia de Computação; Telecomunicações) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2012.
Autor
Signoretti, Alberto
Resumen
Simulations based on cognitively rich agents can become a very intensive computing
task, especially when the simulated environment represents a complex system. This situation
becomes worse when time constraints are present. This kind of simulations would
benefit from a mechanism that improves the way agents perceive and react to changes
in these types of environments. In other worlds, an approach to improve the efficiency
(performance and accuracy) in the decision process of autonomous agents in a simulation
would be useful.
In complex environments, and full of variables, it is possible that not every information
available to the agent is necessary for its decision-making process, depending indeed, on
the task being performed. Then, the agent would need to filter the coming perceptions
in the same as we do with our attentions focus. By using a focus of attention, only the
information that really matters to the agent running context are perceived (cognitively
processed), which can improve the decision making process.
The architecture proposed herein presents a structure for cognitive agents divided into
two parts: 1) the main part contains the reasoning / planning process, knowledge and
affective state of the agent, and 2) a set of behaviors that are triggered by planning in
order to achieve the agent s goals. Each of these behaviors has a runtime dynamically
adjustable focus of attention, adjusted according to the variation of the agent s affective
state.
The focus of each behavior is divided into a qualitative focus, which is responsible
for the quality of the perceived data, and a quantitative focus, which is responsible for the
quantity of the perceived data. Thus, the behavior will be able to filter the information
sent by the agent sensors, and build a list of perceived elements containing only the information
necessary to the agent, according to the context of the behavior that is currently
running.
Based on the human attention focus, the agent is also dotted of a affective state. The
agent s affective state is based on theories of human emotion, mood and personality. This
model serves as a basis for the mechanism of continuous adjustment of the agent s attention
focus, both the qualitative and the quantative focus. With this mechanism, the agent
can adjust its focus of attention during the execution of the behavior, in order to become
more efficient in the face of environmental changes.
The proposed architecture can be used in a very flexibly way. The focus of attention
can work in a fixed way (neither the qualitative focus nor the quantitaive focus one
changes), as well as using different combinations for the qualitative and quantitative foci
variation. The architecture was built on a platform for BDI agents, but its design allows
it to be used in any other type of agents, since the implementation is made only in the
perception level layer of the agent.
In order to evaluate the contribution proposed in this work, an extensive series of experiments
were conducted on an agent-based simulation over a fire-growing scenario. In
the simulations, the agents using the architecture proposed in this work are compared
with similar agents (with the same reasoning model), but able to process all the information
sent by the environment. Intuitively, it is expected that the omniscient agent would
be more efficient, since they can handle all the possible option before taking a decision.
However, the experiments showed that attention-focus based agents can be as efficient as
the omniscient ones, with the advantage of being able to solve the same problems in a
significantly reduced time. Thus, the experiments indicate the efficiency of the proposed
architecture
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