masterThesis
Uso corporativo do território e "facções" de costura: a reorganização espacial do setor de confecções de artigos do vestuário no Rio Grande do Norte
Fecha
2018-03-21Registro en:
GALINDO, Leonardo da Silva. Uso corporativo do território e "facções" de costura: a reorganização espacial do setor de confecções de artigos do vestuário no Rio Grande do Norte. 2018. 243f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Geografia) - Centro de Ciências Humanas, Letras e Artes, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2018.
Autor
Galindo, Leonardo da Silva
Resumen
From the 2000s, the use of the territory by the apparel sector garnered new impetus in Rio
Grande do Norte (RN) through the dissemination of establishments and jobs to municipalities
in the interior of the state. Since 2013 with the creation of the Program of Interior
Industrialization (Pro-Sertão), this dynamic is accentuated at the same time as the number of
jobs in the Metropolitan Region of Natal (RMN) decreased. On the other hand, the
establishments located in the interior only perform the garment sewing stage, being
subordinated to the industries located in the NMR. Thus, our general objective is to
understand how the corporate use of territory evidenced by sewing "factions" and programs
such as Pró-Sertão contributes to the spatial reorganization of the garment industry in Rio
Grande do Norte. The methodological procedures used involve bibliographical research,
collection and systematization of secondary data and fieldwork. From the latter, primary data
were produced involving 66 sewing factions in 15 municipalities of all mesoregions of the
state. The analysis reveals that the RN participates in the territorial division of industrial labor
in Brazil from the production of garments in relation to the supply of cheap labor in relation to
the South and Southeast, and by the existence of a normative apparatus that stimulates the
growth of the sector. The largest industries, located in the RMN, in a process of
organizational change began to outsource the sewing stage to smaller productive units located
in the interior of the state, in order to reduce costs with investments and costs related to
maintenance of the workforce. This process is based on the constitution of the corporate use
of the territory, from which various agents in organizational solidarity each play a specific
role in the realization of the interests of the great industries, which control the whole
productive process. The typology and topology of the sewing factions show a greater density
of companies and diversity of types in Jardim do Seridó, São José do Seridó and Parelhas.
The greater dynamism of the activity in Seridó potiguar is related to the smaller possibilities
of access to formal employment, especially in small municipalities, where there is an
expressive reserve army of labor available to be exploited in the sewing factions. In this
context, the opening of factions allowed a greater economic dynamics in part of Seridó and
the increase in the supply of jobs, so that the spatial reorganization of economic activity led to
a process of productive specialization, with places where more than half of the population
with formal employment works in the clothing sector. In Agreste and Eastern Potiguar, the
proximity to Natal and Parnamirim and the existence of a public transport network allows the
population of its municipalities greater possibilities of access to formal employment, which
explains a lower incidence and the less dynamism of the sewing factions . In Natal and
Parnamirim, the price of land and labor costs (transport and food) led to a decline in the
number of factions.