Genes de resistência bacteriana: o estado da arte

Abstract

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a worldwide health threat. This phenomenon was first identified shortly after the use of the first antimicrobials and to this day has increased in proportion and negative consequences, being the object of concern and alertness. Involved in this process are the resistance genes, which play a key role in antibiotic resistant bacteria. This work aims to carry out a bibliographic review on bacterial resistance genes from specialized scientific databases. For this purpose, the list of priority pathogens prepared by the World Health Organization was used as the basis for listing the world's most worrisome bacteria of clinical importance in three priority groups. Thus, the main antibiotic resistance genes specific to the bacteria considered critical risk, high priority and medium priority were compiled. Each resistant bacterium has on its genes the origin of antimicrobial resistance. In most of them, more than one gene and genetic and biochemical mechanisms are involved in the development of resistance. Thus, it is possible to note the importance of the study of resistance genes for the complete understanding of bacterial resistance as a way of aiding in the diagnosis and development of new therapeutic measures.