Avaliação tomográfica da espessura da mucosa palatina em indivíduos com biótipos fino e espesso

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The palate is the main donor site in periodontal and periimplant surgeries. The volume of tissue available depends on the thickness of the mucosa and intra and interindividual variations may be related to the patient's biotype. PURPOSE: To investigate the difference of the palatal mucosa thickness in individuals with thin and thick biotypes, evaluated in different regions. METHODS: 30 CBCT scans were acquired in the CS8100 3D® tomograph and analyzed in CS 3D Imaging® software. The periodontal biotype was categorized into thin (<1.5mm) or thick (≥1.5mm) and defined in two ways. First, the biotype found in the central incisors was considered for the remaining teeth. Then, each tooth was categorized individually. Finally, the thickness of the palatal mucosa was measured in the canine, 1st and 2nd premolars and 1st molar at 3mm, 6mm, 9mm and 12mm from the gingival margin. The Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon and Friedman tests were used to evaluate differences in palatal mucosa between groups, among teeth and in different regions, respectively. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference in the palatal mucosal thickness between the groups (p> 0.05); in all analyzed teeth, the furthest from the gingival margin, the palatal mucosa thickness (p <0.0001) was higher. Among the teeth, the locations “b” and “c” in first molar was thinner (p <0.05) in all evaluations. The second pre-molar (2PbX1Pb: p <0.0001) and the canine (CcX1Pc: p = 0.022 and CcX2Pc: p = 0.004) showed a thinner mucosa only when categorized based on the central incisor biotype. CONCLUSIONS: the palatal mucosa thickness was not related to the patient biotype and was thinner at the first molar region. Regardless of the tooth, areas more distant from the gingival margin had a thicker tissue.