masterThesis
Utilização da fluidodinâmica computacional como ferramenta de estudo em bombas centrífugas
Fecha
2018-07-25Registro en:
BEZERRA, Ana Rafaelly Amaral. Utilização da fluidodinâmica computacional como ferramenta de estudo em bombas centrífugas. 2018. 120f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Mecânica) - Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2018.
Autor
Bezerra, Ana Rafaelly Amaral
Resumen
Centrifugal pumps are widely used in many industrial applications and they are
usually considered the main component of the system. The comprehension of the
components behavior is indispensable for the development and improvement of more
efficient, reliable and economical systems, since small gains in efficiency can avoid
waste of large amounts of energy. However, the analysis of the internal flow of a
centrifugal pump is an arduous and expensive task for experimental techniques. This
analysis and the determination of the operational characteristics can be supported by
numerical simulations, using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques, which
allows the prediction of flow behavior with off-design conditions, providing reduction
of costs and time. This work presents the design and numerical simulations of a
centrifugal pump (rotor and volute). The geometric characteristics were obtained from
project recommendations of the classical literature, and numerical simulations were
performed using the ANSYS CFX code. Numerical simulations were also performed on
a rotor pump model, which is commercialized and manufactured in Brazil, in order to
ensure the reliability of the results. In both simulations, it was required to develop 3D
models, to generate suitable computational meshes and to define proper boundary
conditions. With the simulations results for the proposed slow type radial centrifugal
pump with a discharge of 59.5 m3 / h, a head of 50 m and a rotational speed of 3600
rpm, it was possible to obtain the elevation height curve as well as the velocity triangle
behavior along the rotor blade. In addition, an evaluation of the flow was carried out by
studying the pressure and velocity fields in the rotor and the volute, and the influence of
the roughness on the height of the pump lift was verified. The studies showed that the
numerical results are in agreement with the projected values, with the manometric
height being 10% above the expected value. In addition, the flow characterization and
pump performance analysis revealed that CFD was a useful and reliable design tool.