Proposta de um protótipo de ejetor laboratorial para obtenção de dados experimentais

Abstract

The present work suggests an ejector prototype in the laboratory, this one has the purpose to validate the predicted theoretical behavior and to obtain the experimental data. Ejectors are devices which uses the kinetic energy of a driving fluid, denominated the primary fluid and to suck the other, denominated the secondary fluid. This equipment has several applications, and among them the depressurising of the oil well annular that is concerned in this study. In oil wells that use pump for the artificial lift methods, gas separators are installed at the bottom of the well in order to redirect the gas to the annular, once the gas inside the pump decreases its performance. Through a gas retention valve, the gas contained in the annulus is transferred to the rising line and then be produced with the oil. This valve operates by differential pressure, which allows its passage whenever the sheath pressure is greater than that of the line. Nevertheless, in some cases the line pressure is high causing the gas to remain in the annulus, increasing the pressure, thereby reducing the well production. This way, the setting up of ejectors in the surge line is a possible solution to this problem. Throughout this work, studies that demonstrate geometric and variables related emphasizing the best performance of the ejector will be described, which will result in a higher production of the reservoir. First of all, the study was carried out, then the most relevant information about the proposed subject was consolidated, and finally, weighted and indicated the most appropriate geometries and contour conditions, aiming for the best performance of the equipment with its higher production efficiency. The prototype proposal presented will aid as main conditions for the continuity of the experimental ejector construction design, to afterward be set up in the Laboratório de Análise de Petróleo, Gás e Água Produzida, located at Complexo Tecnológico de Engenharia, linked to the Centro de Tecnologia (CT) of UFRN. Being aware of the importance of the equipment, the ejector designed in the laboratory will be of utmost use to validate its better functioning.