Ação social na concretização das preferências reprodutivas das mulheres unidas do Nordeste e Sudeste brasileiro

Abstract

In Brazil there is a context of fertility below the level of replacement and it is noted, therefore, that the number considered ideal of children has been reduced to an increasingly smaller amount. Therefore, this research project presents the reproductive dynamics of the Northeast and Southeast, based on the following components of human reproduction: reproductive preferences, family planning and use of contraceptive methods. Research will be carried out on the universe of women who are women (in a stable union or formal marriage) of reproductive age (15 to 49 years). Therefore, the objective of the study is, in the light of social action, to observe the use of family planning as an instrument for the realization of the reproductive preferences of the united women of the Northeast and Southeast of Brazil, using the reproductive health surveys of 1996 and 2006. The methodology used consisted of a descriptive analysis of the data using the statistical model of Logistic Regression. The dependent variable used in the analysis refers to the concretization and non-concretization of the maritally united women, measured by the number of those who managed to reach their ideal number of children and those did not succeed. The independent variables are related to the demographic, educational, social, cultural, economic, reproductive health (family planning and reproductive preference) and relational characteristics (women's relationship with their partner). The results of the regression analysis, for the two years investigated (1996 and 2006), show that in general the age of women, the use of modern contraceptive methods and sterilization, access to the media, such as television and newspapers, and the religion exhibited an important significance for the reproductive realization. However, there are differences in the results shown between 1996 and 2006. What draws attention in the results of 1996 is that for both the Northeast and the Southeast the schooling of women with 10 to 11 years of schooling was significant to reach the goal Of children. Already for 2006 a new factor of great relevance appeared for this condition that was related to feminine employability. In 2006, the women of the two studied regions who had paid work outside the home showed a greater possibility of reproductive preferences in relation to those who did not work. In short, to foment the discussion, we used a theoretical contribution of demography and sociology in order to argue about reproductive preferences, family planning and the concept of social action.