Índice de vulnerabilidade costeira e risco à inundação em cenários de mudanças climáticas no estuário do Rio Piranhas-Açu com utilização de imagens de sensores orbitais e de LiDAR aeroportado

Abstract

Coastal zones worldwide present intense environmental dynamics associated to the interaction among atmosphere/lithosphere and hydrosphere. These places are rich in natural resources and have been intensely occupied by socioeconomic activities. Therefore, populations nearby are exposed to risks of change in natural processes related to climate change. In this setting, the estuary of Piranhas-Açu River is a case study for The Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) in different climate change scenarios. This index accounts physical and dynamics features of the environment and was calculated using Geotechnology tools, Digital Image Processing, Landsat 8-OLI multispectral imagery and airborne LiDAR altimetry data controlled using precision geodesy kinematic and static ground control points. The resultant thematic mapping was integrated in Geographic Information System in order to simulate inundation risk of the estuary with different projections of sea level rise in extreme events conditions, according to the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The results for best and the worst scenarios show 17% - 42% of the coast in high and very high coastal erosion vulnerability and 274- 291km2 of estuary at flood risk.