Obtenção de sistemas macroemulsionados a partir de óleos vegetais, para incorporar extrato seco de punica granatum

Abstract

Emulsions are formulations used in different industry segments, mainly in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic industry. The Linum usitatissimum and Sesamun indicum oils have anti-inflammatory properties, due to the presence of essential fatty acids and they can be applied in the preparation of drugs for the pharmacological potential. The aim of this study was to use the dried extract of Punica granatum to incorporate in the macro emulsified system, as active one, for herbal application. The emulsions were obtained from ternary diagram using distilled water as aqueous phase and Glycine max lecithin as surfactant. In preparing the two diagrams in the oil phase, the Linum usitatissimum and Sesamun indicum oils were used. In the diagrams obtained in the region of emulsion type O / A, they were selected six systems (three in the diagram) due to presenting greater stability. Preservatives added to systems were methylparaben (Nipagin®) and propylparaben (Nipazol®) and stabilizer of emulsions, hydrocolloid xanthan gum (xanthan gum). From peel Punica granatum plant, was obtained the aqueous extract, and then lyophilized. They have been defined three percentage (0.3%, 0.5% and 1.0%) of lyophilized extract in each system. These formulations were characterized by measuring pH techniques, viscosity, conductivity, accelerated stability and thermal stability. Before adding the bioactive was used the spectrophotometry in the ultravioleta and infrared to quantify the bioactive present in the pomegranate peel powder, and was also applied to the optical microscopy technique to determine the droplet size. The formulations with the addition of the dry extract of Punica granatum had their pH values decreased and viscosity increased as higher was the percentage of the extract in the medium. This happens because the extract has phenols of acid character and the largest amount of extract in the middle needs more molecules to hydrate this formulation, making the middle less free water.