Prematuridade e síndromes hipertensivas na gestação: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Objective: Identify in the literature the relationship between hypertensive syndromes of pregnancy and premature birth. Methods: The integrative review used the electronic databases PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, WEB OF SCIENCE and LILACS. The descriptors used were pregnancy-induced hypertension, pre-eclampsia and premature birth and selected articles published in the last 15 years. Results: The search in the databases resulted in 3027 published articles, however only 15 articles were selected in accord to the eligibility criteria. Among the studies evaluated, all showed a relationship between hypertensive syndromes of pregnancy and premature birth, but the highest prevalence was observed in pregnant women who developed pre-eclampsia, especially in those with severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Six studies also analyzed other outcomes in addition to premature birth. Conclusion: Hypertensive syndromes of pregnancy represent a public health problem and premature birth is the second most frequent related outcome. Thus, actions that promote the early identification of this group of pregnant women and their adequate clinical management are necessary to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.