Métodos de vigilância de infecções de sítio cirúrgico no seguimento pós-alta e suas limitações: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Among the Healthcare Associated Infections (HCAI), Surgical Site Infections (SSI) is a major problem for its frequency, morbidity and mortality. Due to the short period of hospitalization and considering that the majority of these infections manifest after hospital discharge, and with the lack of monitoring outside the hospital, they end up being underreported. It is confirmed that the specific monitoring programs for these patients are important tools to redirect the policies in infections control. This study aimed, through an integrative review, to raise scientific production about the methods of surveillance of the SSI's after hospital discharge, starting from an analytical reading, followed by synthesis of ideas and meeting the information gathered. For this to be developed, from February to April of 2011 it was made a search in the following databases: the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences literature (LILACS), Bibliographic Database specialized in nursing in Brazil ( BDENF), Index Medicus of the National Electronic Library of Medicine (MEDLINE) and WHOLIS. 102 articles, 02 theses and 01 dissertation were found and, out of them, 17 articles, 01 thesis and 01 dissertation were selected. Data analysis has shown a great difficulty in hospitals to carry out this monitoring by the choice of a feasible method of surveillance, the need for a plurality of structured actions in human resources, materials and infrastructure, in addition, reinforce the need to resize the problem of these infections to the wider context of health system organization.