Tese de Doutorado
O olhar do profissional: estudo do movimento ocular na leitura realizada por revisores de texto
Fecha
2014-03-14Autor
Délia Ribeiro Leite
Institución
Resumen
Professional revisers are responsible for correcting and improving somebodys text, as to contribute to the quality of the publication. In order to investigate how the reading performed by those professionals is processed, the eye movement of subjects who work professionally in revising (revisers) was compared to the eye movement of subjects who do not work professionally in revising (non revisers). Revision and reading under a cognitive perspective constituted the main theoretical grounds of this thesis. Under this perspective, editing has been approached as a writing sub process, and more experienced text editors and revisers would be able to detect, more frequently, errors that demand more processing, on global levels. With the purpose of attaining the goals proposed, a reading and error detection task was proposed and performed by 14 revisers and 14 non revisers, in which subjects had to read and edit short journalistic texts displayed on a computer, by clicking the mouse on the errors and/or inadequacies they found. In addition to the eye movement, where and when they clicked the mouse was also recorded. There were two experimental errors conditions: a) suppression of preposition and b) incoherence generated by an incorrect nominal anaphora. Because the experimental errors were of different levels, the several variables of eye movement, of the text level, of the sentence and target excerpt were investigated. The measures of eye movement were also analyzed considering the time demanded by the subjects for detection. The statistic analysis took into consideration that repeated measures were taken and, when normality was ensured, mixed models were carried out; otherwise, the analysis was carried out by means of non-parametric tests. Subjects, in general, were more prone to detect the suppression of prepositions than the presence of incorrect anaphora, in conformity with related previous literature, but revisers and non revisers did not present significant difference concerning proficiency in the detection of these types of errors. Concerning the eye movement analysis, the general perspective says revisers presented the highest values, meaning they were slower in reading than non revisers, which occurred concerning the measures of the text, sentence and excerpt levels. Revisers were also more consistent throughout the performance of the task, without significant changes in their behavior, as opposed to non revisers, whose variables started to drop as they read other texts. Change in behavior is a feature of subjects who dynamically change the revision task confirming, thus, that experienced revisers have more elaborate revision tasks. In analyzing proficiency in the detection of all the errors that composed the experimental sessions, it was observed that proficiency is connected to the ability of detecting specific error types, which was confirmed in the clusters analysis intended to check whether the division between revisers and non revisers derived from experience was still operating, in view of the performance of subjects in the course of the task. Two groups emerged from this analysis, a more proficient group and a less proficient one, and only one reviser was classified as less proficient, which corroborates that the criterion used in the selection of participants proved itself valid concerning proficiency in the detection of errors. With this study, it was possible to obtain a better characterization of the reviser profession, by means of the deeper knowledge of the reading and error detection strategies adopted by Professional revisers.