Monografias de Especialização
Fisiopatologia da fibromialgia e exercícios terapêuticos: uma revisão narrativa
Fecha
2011-05-28Autor
Daniela Magalhães Pereira Mourão
Institución
Resumen
Introduction: Fibromyalgia is a syndrome of chronic nature, characterized by widespread pain and the presence of tender points distributed in specific regions of the body. Although its high prevalence and impact on quality of life of patients with the disease, the etiology, pathophysiology and the treatment have not yet been fully clarified. About the treatment there is still no consensus on the most effective approaches, but it is known that physical exercise is important in the treatment program. Objective: The objective was an update on the pathophysiological mechanisms of fibromyalgia and on the contribution of therapeutic exercises in the treat this disease. Methods: A literature review was conducted between 2005 to 2010 for articles in english and portuguese in the databases Lilacs, Medline and PubMed. We used the keywords "fibromyalgia"; "pathophysiology" and "physical exercise ". 81 articles had been selected but only 20 were within the proposed objective. Results: The literature indicated that exercise is beneficial in improving symptoms, reducing the tender points, improvement of psychological status and quality. The maintenance of the exercises was an important factor in controlling symptoms and few studies reported adequate intensity and duration of exercise. Regarding the pathophysiology of fibromyalgia, the literature suggests the involvement of the central nervous system. Conclusion: Studies have shown that involvement of the central nervous system is important in the pathophysiology of fibromyalgia, and may be through several mechanisms, among them: changes in the descending inhibitory system of pain, excessive activity on glial cells and changes in neurotransmitters. Therapeutic exercises are beneficial in treating fibromyalgia patients, but were not yet established the intensity, frequency and duration of exercise.