Monografias de Especialização
Repercussões funcionais no paciente com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica durante atividades de vida diária
Fecha
2012-12-07Autor
Livia Felix Pereira Coelho
Institución
Resumen
INTRODUCTION: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow limitation and it is usually progressive. Is not fully reversible and is associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs in response to noxious particles and gases generated primarily by smoking. It is currently regarded as the fourth leading cause of death and it is estimated that in 2030 will be the third largest. Objectives: Through a literature review, the aim of this study was to investigate the functional consequences in COPD patients to perform activities of daily living (ADL). METHODOLOGY: 16 were selected from 2000 until October 2012 in the databases PubMed, PEDro, SciELO, Bireme and Google Scholar. Studies should contain adult individuals with COPD and to investigate the functional consequences in these patients to perform ADL. RESULTS: The ventilatory and metabolic demands are shown increased during the performance of ADL. Dyspnea, commonly reported, this also increased at the end of activities. The performance of the lower limbs (LL) during physical activity is increased when comparing experimental groups (groups that performed physical activities proposed in rehabilitation program [RP] or had increased loads and / or intensity) with the control groups (groups without physical activity proposed in PR or cargo and / or lighter intensity). During activities with upper limb (UL) even with the use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is an increase in dyspnea and decreased inspiratory capacity (IC) in these patients. Some scales that assess functional status, health status, socioeconomic and psychological that may be useful tools to assisting the PR.DISCUSSION: Thomas et al. demonstrated that respiratory muscle training can reduce the sensation of breathlessness. Hillman et al. suggest that exercise capacity is directly related to the conditioning of the lower limbs. Activities with UL lead to significant fatigue and dyspnea, and the techniques of energy conservation (TENC) may be an alternative to reduce energy expenditure.CONCLUSION: Samples of work were not very homogeneous, there was no comparison between genders. However the authors demonstrated that PR leads to a decrease in dyspnea in patients with COPD, improved CI and ventilatory and metabolic demands. It was also demonstrated improved performance in ADL promoted by lower energy expenditure.