Recomendaciones para la prevención de lesiones músculo esqueléticas asociadas al entrenamiento físico militar : una revisión de la literatura

Abstract

The occurrence of musculoskeletal injuries during physical training has a significant incidence. They may occur because of improper performance, lack of adequate rest, nutrition and hydration. In the military, the need for a physical condition that allows a maximum performance in extreme situations entails a training that requires the use of boots and loads, which predisposes to a mayor risk of injury, increasing costs by treatment. The objective of the review was to identify recommendations for the prevention of musculoskeletal injuries, associated with training, in the military population. A systematic review was carried out with a qualitative approach, making use of the databases of the Virtual Health Library (BVS) and Pubmed; using the terms of the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), in the period from 2001 to 2016. The levels of evidence and degrees of recommendation were established with the scale SING. The clinical trials were analyzed with the checklist JADAD. Of 140 articles reviewed, only eight were included. It is concluded that the training must consider, in addition to adequate nutrition and rest, the physical qualities of everyone, working in all of them, an end to the prevention of this type of injuries.