Remediación biológica de suelos contaminados con pesticidas organoclorados mediante vermirremediación con Eisenia fetida, bioaumentación de aislamientos bacterianos y bioestimulación con compost
Fecha
2022-07-18Registro en:
Portilla Saldarriaga, M. C. (2022). Remediación biológica de suelos contaminados con pesticidas organoclorados mediante vermirremediación con Eisenia fetida, bioaumentación de aislamientos bacterianos y bioestimulación con compost [Tesis de Pregrado]. Universidad Santo Tomás. Bucaramanga, Colombia.
reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad Santo Tomás
instname:Universidad Santo Tomás
Autor
Portilla Saldarriaga, María Camila
Institución
Resumen
Organochlorine pesticides were widely used worldwide during the 40s because of their effectiveness in combating pests that affected crops and vectors that transmitted diseases to humans and other animals. However, their wide dispersion in the environment, liposolubility, persistence and toxicity have generated adverse effects on human health and the environment. One of these consequences is their accumulation in the soil. Bioremediation has been implemented as a strategy to remove chlorinated organic pesticides. Considering this, the objective of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of vermiremediation with Eisenia fetida assisted by biostimulation with compost of usable organic wastes, and bioaugmentation of bacterial isolates Kluyvera intermedia, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia plymuthica, Yersinia enterocolitica, Bacillus sp. 1 and Bacillus sp. 2 in anaerobiosis and/or aerobiosis accompanied by biostimulation with compost, in the reduction of concentrations of organochlorine pesticides present in soils of Agustín Codazzi (Cesar, Colombia). Results showed that vermiremediation is not a viable option for the decontamination of soils with these substances in concentrations such as those quantified in the present study. In contrast, microbial remediation proved to be a feasible alternative. The potential of bioaugmentation of bacterial isolates to degrade chlorinated organic compounds assisted by compost as a biostimulant was tested. After 60 days the most efficient treatment was the one performed in anaerobiosis, with eliminations of 4,4'-DDDT; 4,4'-DDE; 4,4'-DDDD; α-, β-, γ- and δ-HCH equivalents to 27, 52, 58, 58, 72, 35, 92 and 23 %, respectively.