Prevalencia de los trastornos temporomandibulares en las historias clínicas de la clínica del adulto V del año 2017 al 2019 en la Universidad Santo Tomás de Bucaramanga

Abstract

Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders are a set of malformations that affect the masticatory part, the temporomandibular joint and adjacent structures, as well as clinical problems characterized by pain in the masticatory musculature, and muscles related to head and neck can also occur. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders from the clinical records of the adult V clinic of the University of Santo Tomás between 2017-2019. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional descriptive observational study, since the data of the patients will be recorded from the clinical records, at a given point in time and the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders will be determined. A total of 311 randomly selected medical records were reviewed, of which 294 that met the inclusion criteria were processed. This study will take into account socio-demographic variables such as sex, age, occupation, and the different variables associated with TMD found in the TMJ appendix such as trauma history, muscle pain, joint noise, TMJ pain, mandibular locking, laterality movements, mouth opening and mouth closing. Results: It was observed that the prevalence of TMD corresponded to 61.22%, with the most frequent pathology being dislocated disc with bilateral reduction with an average of 33.67% of the population. According to the sociodemographic variables with the presence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) it was found it was evidenced that people with age between 22.5-37 years presented higher prevalence of temporomandibular disorders, however, it should be noted that in relation to the sex variable, it is more prevalent TMD in men with 63.40%, than in women. Conclusions: It was evidenced that there is a high prevalence of TMD with a percentage 61.22% in the patients of the adult V clinics from the year 2017 to 2019; that although this is a diagnostic clinic, where the patient diagnosed with any of the pathologies should be referred for its correct management; it is not performed by the undergraduate students.