Diagnóstico de sistemas de producción caprino en el área metropolitana de Cúcuta Norte De Santander.

Abstract

The present work aimed to carry out the diagnosis of the goat production systems located in the metropolitan area of ​​Cúcuta (Norte de Santander) in the villages: Campo Hermoso, San Isidro, Tabiro, Guaduas, Pórtico and San Pedro. The goat production systems in the region have been considered as historical and cultural wealth; however, a decrease in the animal inventory has been evidenced due to environmental, economic and social factors. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews that investigated various aspects related to the animal, nutritional, reproductive, production, economic and marketing components. The results showed that the systems are located in tropical dry forest ecosystems. A total of 19 production systems were identified, which presented similar characteristics in their technological model. The systems were classified into two groups by their land area (less than and greater than 100 ha) and are extensively managed where the animals graze in the open field, traveling an average of 3 km and sporadically they are supplied with food supplements such as meal of palm kernel, repila rice and corn. In the genetic component, a heterogeneity of racial biotypes was found, predominantly crosses of Creole animals with breeds such as the French Alpine, Toggenburg, La Mancha, Saanen and Anglonubiana, for a total inventory of 2746 animals (estimated value given the lack of records). The productive orientation is aimed at the sale of kids, milk and manure. These systems have an artisanal infrastructure for handling animals. Finally, an importance is evidenced by the activities of goat farming by the surveyed producers; However, they report a low industrial development of the different goat products due to the gradual decrease of the productive systems and therefore of the existing genetic resource.