Estudio para la reducción de emisiones de material particulado PM 10 y PM 2.5 en Ráquira Boyacá, asociado al sector alfarero y su incidencia en la salud de los habitantes

Abstract

The pottery activity classified as a craft occupation, has been a fundamental agent for the economic development of different regions in Colombia, mainly in the department of Boyacá, which represents one of the largest industrial corridors in the production of handicrafts and ceramics in the national territory. However, the growing development of this practice especially in the municipality of Ráquira, has generated different impacts both on the environment, and on the health of people, which, are related to the non-compliance with the territorial regulations proposed by the environmental corporations that rule in that municipality. Therefore, this research aims to propose a system to reduce the emission of pollutants PM 10 and PM 2.5 generated by pottery activity, as a contribution to the reduction of cardiovascular and cardiovascular diseases in the inhabitants of the sector. The application of descriptive statistical methods provided a diagnosis of the health status of the inhabitants and the level of air quality present in the territory. Likewise, the obtaining of information by sources of the municipality and the department (ASIS, IDEAM, Secretary of Health of the Municipality) and the application of surveys, formed an optimal analysis for the development of this research. With the results obtained, the design and development of a recovery system involving a filter capable of retaining the particulate material released by the manufacturing furnaces was formulated; with the purpose of mitigating this problem that affects the air quality and quality of life of the inhabitants and producers of handicrafts in the municipality of Ráquira.