Is the H2 economy realizable in the foreseeable future? Part III: H2 usage technologies, applications, and challenges and opportunities
Autor
Nazir, Hassan
Muthuswamy, Navaneethan
Louis, Cindrella
Jose, Sujin
Prakash, Jyoti
Buan, Marthe E.M.
Flox, Cristina
Chavan, Sai
Shi, Xuan
Kauranen, Pertti
Kallio, Tanja
Maia, Gilberto
Tammeveski, Kaido
Lymperopoulos, Nikolaos
Carcadea, Elena
Veziroglu, Emre
Iranzo, Alfredo
Kannan, Arunachala M.
Institución
Resumen
Energy enthusiasts in developed countries explore sustainable and efficient pathways for
accomplishing zero carbon footprint through the H2 economy. The major objective of the
H2 economy review series is to bring out the status, major issues, and opportunities
associated with the key components such as H2 production, storage, transportation, distribution, and applications in various energy sectors. Specifically, Part I discussed H2 production methods including the futuristic ones such as photoelectrochemical for small,
medium, and large-scale applications, while Part II dealt with the challenges and developments in H2 storage, transportation, and distribution with national and international
initiatives. Part III of the H2 economy review discusses the developments and challenges in
the areas of H2 application in chemical/metallurgical industries, combustion, and fuel cells.
Currently, the majority of H2 is being utilized by a few chemical industries with >60% in the
oil refineries sector, by producing grey H2 by steam methane reforming on a large scale. In
addition, the review also presents the challenges in various technologies for establishing
greener and sustainable H2 society