masterThesis
Solución de los problemas de localización y dimensionamiento de centros urbanos de distribución y enrutamiento de sus vehículos
Fecha
2013-12-16Registro en:
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256496
TE06220
Autor
Montoya Torres, Jairo Rafael
Institución
Resumen
En la mayoría de las grandes y medianas ciudades, las operaciones de transporte de mercancías tienen un impacto notable en la movilidad del tráfico urbano, así como en las actividades comerciales de la ciudad. La creación de centros urbanos de distribución cerca del centro de las ciudades para consolidar las cargas, es una iniciativa implementada alrededor del mundo que busca disminuir la congestión del tráfico vehicular en las calles y la calidad de vida sus habitantes. Este trabajo considera el problema de localizar los centros de distribución en las zonas urbanas y propone un enfoque para la toma de decisiones a nivel estratégico, táctico y operativo. Se busca resolver, de manera integral, los problemas de localización, dimensionamiento y operación (ruteo de camiones) en estas terminales logísticas. El enfoque es validado usando datos de la vida real provenientes de la ciudad de SaintÉtienne, Francia. Así mismo, se realizan comparaciones experimentales con procedimientos existentes en la literatura. Los resultados muestran la eficiencia y efectividad del enfoque propuesto y su aplicabilidad en la realidad, para instancias hasta de tamaño grande donde, las salidas del enfoque, deben ser analizadas por el tomador de decisiones y pueden mejorar la competitividad del sistema logístico y las condiciones ambientales y sociales de la ciudad en cuestión.