Utilidad del “Índice Radiográfico de Entesis” (REI) como herramienta diagnostica en las Espondiloartritis
Fecha
2014-03-11Registro en:
Sieper, J., et al., Ankylosing spondylitis: an overview. Ann Rheum Dis, 2002. 61 Suppl 3: p.
iii8-18.
van der Linden, S. and D.M. van der Heijde, Clinical and epidemiologic aspects of
ankylosing spondylitis and spondyloarthropathies. Curr Opin Rheumatol, 1996. 8(4): p.
269-74.
Burgos-Vargas, R., et al., Ankylosing spondylitis in the Mexican mestizo: patterns of disease
according to age at onset. J Rheumatol, 1989. 16(2): p. 186-91
Khan, M.A. and E.J. Ball, Genetic aspects of ankylosing spondylitis. Best Pract Res Clin
Rheumatol, 2002. 16(4): p. 675-90
Ehrenfeld, M., Geoepidemiology: the environment and spondyloarthropathies.
Autoimmun Rev, 2010. 9(5): p. A325-9.
Moll, J.M., et al., Associations between ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, Reiter's
disease, the intestinal arthropathies, and Behcet's syndrome. Medicine (Baltimore), 1974.
53(5): p. 343-64
Maksymowych, W.P., Controversies in conventional radiography in spondyloarthritis. Best
Pract Res Clin Rheumatol, 2012. 26(6): p. 839-52.
Marzo-Ortega, H., et al., Baseline and 1-year magnetic resonance imaging of the sacroiliac
joint and lumbar spine in very early inflammatory back pain. Relationship between
symptoms, HLA-B27 and disease extent and persistence. Ann Rheum Dis, 2009. 68(11): p.
1721-7.
Barozzi, L., et al., Seronegative spondylarthropathies: imaging of spondylitis, enthesitis
and dactylitis. Eur J Radiol, 1998. 27 Suppl 1: p. S12-7
Rudwaleit, M., et al., The development of Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international
Society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part I): classification of paper
patients by expert opinion including uncertainty appraisal. Ann Rheum Dis, 2009. 68(6): p.
770-6.
Mau, W., et al., Outcome of possible ankylosing spondylitis in a 10 years' follow-up study.
Clin Rheumatol, 1987. 6 Suppl 2: p. 60-6.
Poddubnyy, D., et al., Rates and predictors of radiographic sacroiliitis progression over 2
years in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis, 2011. 70(8): p. 1369-74
Rudwaleit, M., et al., The development of Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international
Society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part II): validation and final
selection. Ann Rheum Dis, 2009. 68(6): p. 777-83
Benjamin, M., et al., Evidence for a distinctive pattern of bone formation in enthesophytes.
Ann Rheum Dis, 2009. 68(6): p. 1003-10.
Ball, J., Enthesopathy of rheumatoid and ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis, 1971.
30(3): p. 213-23.
Francois, R.J., et al., Histopathologic evidence that sacroiliitis in ankylosing spondylitis is
not merely enthesitis. Arthritis Rheum, 2000. 43(9): p. 2011-24
Olivieri, I., et al., Ankylosing spondylitis and undifferentiated spondyloarthropathies: a
clinical review and description of a disease subset with older age at onset. Curr Opin
Rheumatol, 2001. 13(4): p. 280-4.
Rosenberg, A.M. and R.E. Petty, A syndrome of seronegative enthesopathy and
arthropathy in children. Arthritis Rheum, 1982. 25(9): p. 1041-7
Canoso, J.J., The premiere enthesis. J Rheumatol, 1998. 25(7): p. 1254-6.
Rudwaleit, M., et al., The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society
classification criteria for peripheral spondyloarthritis and for spondyloarthritis in general.
Ann Rheum Dis, 2011. 70(1): p. 25-31.
Dougados, M., et al., The European Spondylarthropathy Study Group preliminary criteria
for the classification of spondylarthropathy. Arthritis Rheum, 1991. 34(10): p. 1218-27.
Rudwaleit, M., New approaches to diagnosis and classification of axial and peripheral
spondyloarthritis. Curr Opin Rheumatol, 2010. 22(4): p. 375-80
Benjamin, M. and D. McGonagle, The anatomical basis for disease localisation in
seronegative spondyloarthropathy at entheses and related sites. J Anat, 2001. 199(Pt 5): p.
503-26
Fernandez-Sueiro, J.L., [Enthesis as a target element in spondylarthritides]. Reumatol Clin,
2006. 2(1): p. 31-5
Benjamin, M., A. Rufai, and J.R. Ralphs, The mechanism of formation of bony spurs
(enthesophytes) in the achilles tendon. Arthritis Rheum, 2000. 43(3): p. 576-83.
Francois, R.J., J. Braun, and M.A. Khan, Entheses and enthesitis: a histopathologic review
and relevance to spondyloarthritides. Curr Opin Rheumatol, 2001. 13(4): p. 255-64
Rufai, A., J.R. Ralphs, and M. Benjamin, Structure and histopathology of the insertional
region of the human Achilles tendon. J Orthop Res, 1995. 13(4): p. 585-93.
Benjamin, M. and J.R. Ralphs, Fibrocartilage in tendons and ligaments--an adaptation to
compressive load. J Anat, 1998. 193 ( Pt 4): p. 481-94
Benjamin, M., et al., The skeletal attachment of tendons--tendon "entheses". Comp
Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol, 2002. 133(4): p. 931-45
Tam, L.S., J. Gu, and D. Yu, Pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis. Nat Rev Rheumatol,
2010. 6(7): p. 399-405.
Claudepierre, P. and M.C. Voisin, The entheses: histology, pathology, and
pathophysiology. Joint Bone Spine, 2005. 72(1): p. 32-7.
McGonagle, D., et al., Histological assessment of the early enthesitis lesion in
spondyloarthropathy. Ann Rheum Dis, 2002. 61(6): p. 534-7.
Benjamin, M., et al., The "enthesis organ" concept: why enthesopathies may not present
as focal insertional disorders. Arthritis Rheum, 2004. 50(10): p. 3306-13
Heuft-Dorenbosch, L., et al., Assessment of enthesitis in ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum
Dis, 2003. 62(2): p. 127-32.
Brophy, S., et al., The natural history of ankylosing spondylitis as defined by radiological
progression. J Rheumatol, 2002. 29(6): p. 1236-43.
Braun, J., et al., Use of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging with fast imaging in the
detection of early and advanced sacroiliitis in spondylarthropathy patients. Arthritis
Rheum, 1994. 37(7): p. 1039-45.
Bollow, M., et al., Quantitative analyses of sacroiliac biopsies in spondyloarthropathies: T
cells and macrophages predominate in early and active sacroiliitis- cellularity correlates
with the degree of enhancement detected by magnetic resonance imaging. Ann Rheum
Dis, 2000. 59(2): p. 135-40.
Coventry, M.B. and W.C. Mitchell, Osteitis pubis: observations based on a study of 45
patients. JAMA, 1961. 178: p. 898-905.
Resnick, D., et al., Calcaneal abnormalities in articular disorders. Rheumatoid arthritis,
ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, and Reiter syndrome. Radiology, 1977. 125(2): p.
355-66.
Resnick, D. and G. Niwayama, Entheses and enthesopathy. Anatomical, pathological, and
radiological correlation. Radiology, 1983. 146(1): p. 1-9
Secundini, R., et al., Clinico-radiological correlation of enthesitis in seronegative
spondyloarthropathies (SNSA). Clin Rheumatol, 1997. 16(2): p. 129-32.
Kellgren, J.H., THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF RHEUMATIC DISEASES. Ann Rheum Dis, 1964. 23: p.
109-22.
Gofton, J.P., et al., Sacroiliitis and ankylosing spondylitis in North American Indians. Ann
Rheum Dis, 1972. 31(6): p. 474-81
Gofton, J.P., et al., Sacro-ilitis in eight populations. Ann Rheum Dis, 1966. 25(6): p. 528-33.
Macrae, I.F., D.I. Haslock, and V. Wright, Grading of films for sacro-iliitis in population
studies. Ann Rheum Dis, 1971. 30(1): p. 58-66
Romanus, R. and S. Yden, Destructive and ossifying spondylitic changes in rheumatoid
ankylosing spondylitis (pelvo-spondylitis ossificans). Acta Orthop Scand, 1952. 22(2): p. 88-
99.
Solonen, K.A., The sacroiliac joint in the light of anatomical, roentgenological and clinical
studies. Acta Orthop Scand Suppl, 1957. 27: p. 1-127
Wilkinson, M. and E.G. Bywaters, Clinical features and course of ankylosing spondylitis; as
seen in a follow-up of 222 hospital referred cases. Ann Rheum Dis, 1958. 17(2): p. 209-28
Acheson, R.M., ARTHRITIS. THE AMERICAN RHEUMATISM ASSOCIATION CRITERIA. Milbank
Mem Fund Q, 1965. 43: p. 127-32
Masi, A.T., Population studies in rheumatic disease. Annu Rev Med, 1967. 18: p. 185-206.
Macrae, I.F. and V. Wright, Measurement of back movement. Ann Rheum Dis, 1969. 28(6):
p. 584-9.
Moll, J.M. and V. Wright, New York clinical criteria for ankylosing spondylitis. A statistical
evaluation. Ann Rheum Dis, 1973. 32(4): p. 354-63
Dilsen, N., et al., A comparative roentgenologic study of rheumatoid arthritis and
rheumatoid (ankylosing) spondylitis. Arthritis Rheum, 1962. 5: p. 341-68
McEwen, C., et al., Ankylosing spondylitis and spondylitis accompanying ulcerative colitis,
regional enteritis, psoriasis and Reiter's disease. A comparative study. Arthritis Rheum,
1971. 14(3): p. 291-318
Scott, D.L., C.J. Eastmond, and V. Wright, A comparative radiological study of the pubic
symphysis in rheumatic disorders. Ann Rheum Dis, 1979. 38(6): p. 529-34.
Moller, P., et al., Family studies in Bechterew's syndrome (ankylosing spondylitis). I.
Prevalences of symptoms and signs in relatives of HLAB27 positive probands. Scand J
Rheumatol, 1984. 13(1): p. 1-10.
Ryan, L.M., et al., The radiographic diagnosis of sacroiliitis. A comparison of different views
with computed tomograms of the sacroiliac joint. Arthritis Rheum, 1983. 26(6): p. 760-3
Gran, J.T., et al., Radiological changes in men and women with ankylosing spondylitis. Ann
Rheum Dis, 1984. 43(4): p. 570-5.
Resnick, D., et al., Clinical and radiographic abnormalities in ankylosing spondylitis: a
comparison of men and women. Radiology, 1976. 119(2): p. 293-7.
Dougados, M., How to diagnose spondylarthropathy? Clin Exp Rheumatol, 1993. 11(1): p.
1-3.
Calin, A., Diagnostic criteria (new and old) for the spondylarthropathies. Clin Exp
Rheumatol, 1987. 5(2): p. 101-2
Amor, B., M. Dougados, and M. Mijiyawa, [Criteria of the classification of
spondylarthropathies]. Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic, 1990. 57(2): p. 85-9.
Olivieri, I., L. Barozzi, and A. Padula, Enthesiopathy: clinical manifestations, imaging and
treatment. Baillieres Clin Rheumatol, 1998. 12(4): p. 665-81.
Gerster, J.C. and P. Piccinin, Enthesopathy of the heels in juvenile onset seronegative B-27
positive spondyloarthropathy. J Rheumatol, 1985. 12(2): p. 310-4.
Amor, B., M. Dougados, and M.A. Khan, Management of refractory ankylosing spondylitis
and related spondyloarthropathies. Rheum Dis Clin North Am, 1995. 21(1): p. 117-28
Burgos-Vargas, R., C. Pacheco-Tena, and J. Vazquez-Mellado, Juvenile-onset
spondyloarthropathies. Rheum Dis Clin North Am, 1997. 23(3): p. 569-98.
Jacobs, J.C., Spondyloarthritis and enthesopathy. Current concepts in rheumatology. Arch
Intern Med, 1983. 143(1): p. 103-7
Tan, A.L. and D. McGonagle, Imaging of seronegative spondyloarthritis. Best Pract Res Clin
Rheumatol, 2008. 22(6): p. 1045-59
Dincer, U., et al., Diagnosis delay in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: possible reasons
and proposals for new diagnostic criteria. Clin Rheumatol, 2008. 27(4): p. 457-62.
Dougados, M., et al., The DESIR cohort: a 10-year follow-up of early inflammatory back
pain in France: study design and baseline characteristics of the 708 recruited patients. Joint
Bone Spine, 2011. 78(6): p. 598-603.
Brandt, H.C., et al., Performance of referral recommendations in patients with chronic back
pain and suspected axial spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis, 2007. 66(11): p. 1479-84
Poddubnyy, D., et al., Evaluation of 2 screening strategies for early identification of
patients with axial spondyloarthritis in primary care. J Rheumatol, 2011. 38(11): p. 2452-
60.
Muche, B., et al., Anatomic structures involved in early- and late-stage sacroiliitis in
spondylarthritis: a detailed analysis by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.
Arthritis Rheum, 2003. 48(5): p. 1374-84.
Cardiel, M.H., et al., Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Bath
Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease
Activity Index (BASDAI) and the Dougados Functional Index (DFI) in a Spanish speaking
population with spondyloarthropathies. Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2003. 21(4): p. 451-8.
Sieper, J., et al., The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS)
handbook: a guide to assess spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis, 2009. 68 Suppl 2: p. ii1-44.
Sieper, J. and M. Rudwaleit, Early referral recommendations for ankylosing spondylitis
(including pre-radiographic and radiographic forms) in primary care. Ann Rheum Dis, 2005.
64(5): p. 659-63
Mander, M., et al., Studies with an enthesis index as a method of clinical assessment in
ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis, 1987. 46(3): p. 197-202.
van der Heijde, D., et al., Which domains should be included in a core set for endpoints in
ankylosing spondylitis? Introduction to the ankylosing spondylitis module of OMERACT IV.
J Rheumatol, 1999. 26(4): p. 945-7.
Bejia, I., et al., Measuring enthesitis in ankylosing spondylitis. Joint Bone Spine, 2006.
73(2): p. 216-8.
Autor
Londoño Patiño, John Darío
Jaimes Fernández, Diego Alejandro
Calvo Páramo, Enrique
Institución
Resumen
La realización del “REI” tiene una importancia en el aspecto diagnóstico, dado que el enfoque diagnóstico actual de las EAs, busca la obtención del diagnóstico temprano, en una fase pre-radiográfica como ha sido determinado en los lineamientos del grupo ASAS (Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society), donde se han creado varias técnicas a lo largo del tiempo buscando un diagnóstico precoz de las EAs. Aun no se tiene la estrategia ideal, dado que no en todas las partes del mundo se logra el acceso fácil, no hay suficientes expertos en la lectura e interpretación de los estudios, y el costo de su realización limita la posibilidad de su realización. En regiones del tercer mundo como nuestro país, la radiografia convencional de pelvis continúa siendo la piedra angular en el estudio de pacientes con sospecha de Espondiloartritis, teniendo como parámetros a interpretar las articulaciones sacroilíacas y la Columna lumbar, sin embargo su sensibilidad es muy baja para enfermedades tempranas. Con el REI, buscamos tener una herramienta diagnóstica en apoyo a la lectura de las articulaciones sacroiliacas, que nos permita dar una orientación diagnostica precisa, sobre todo en casos donde los hallazgos imagenológicos no completen los criterios para realizar un diagnóstico preciso. Nota: Para consultar la carta de autorización de publicación de este documento por favor copie y pegue el siguiente enlace en su navegador de internet: http://hdl.handle.net/10818/9807