Trabajo de grado - Maestría
Identificación morfológica y molecular del hongo volvariella volvácea aislado del bagacillo de caña de azúcar en una industria papelera del Cauca-Colombia
Fecha
2017-10-30Autor
Villalobos Perea, Carlos Enrique
Institución
Resumen
Agroindustrial waste represents an important source of energy for various species of fungi that manage to establish themselves and use them as a substrate. In this study, a macrohongo (Volvariella volvacea) was identified taxonomically, which grows in the wild on the bagasse of sugarcane produced by a paper industry located in the village of Guachené - Cauca. Ten samplings were made and 60 individuals were collected. Specimens were found with a pileus between 4 and 15 cm in diameter, from parabolic to convex, slightly umbonado. Soft odor, fibrous texture - soft, on the surface it is brown and paler towards the margin; Tight lamellae, of various lengths, ventricles, free union to stipe and brown - pink color. The stipe measures maximum 16 x 1.0 cm, is slightly conical at the base, flexed, fibrillated, has a volva of 1.5 cm approximately, decreases its thickness toward the apex, lacks ring, is whitish and the spore is pink. These characteristics allowed to identify the specimens as genus Volvariella. Molecular analyzes using the sequences generated from genomic DNA of the basidioma of the fungus, allowed to make comparisons with other sequences of Volvariella stored in the GenBank. A tree was generated by the maximum likelihood method, using the nucleotide substitution model HKY + I + G with 2.815 as alpha parameter of the gamma distribution and 0.2990 as the proportion of invariant sites. The nucleotide frequencies were T = 0.2812, C = 0.2741, A = 0.2076 and G = 0.2372 and the phylogenetic reconstruction identified the species as Volvariella volvacaea, with a bootstrap of 99%. This finding shows the first record of V. volvacea in Colombia and represents an opportunity to generate initiatives in the use of the species as a food resource and as a biodegradable agent given its ligninolytic potential