Prevalencia de síndrome de autoinmunidad/inflamación inducida por adyuvantes, secundario a prótesis mamaria de silicona, en población que asiste a consulta a un centro de reumatología en Bogotá

Abstract

Introduction Silicone breast prostheses were introduced in the United States in the 60s, this procedure has been commonly used by plastic surgeons for aesthetic and reconstructive purposes. However, its use and safety have been questioned since its emergence, including the association between breast prostheses as a trigger for autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA). Principal objective Determine the prevalence of ASIA associated with silicone breast implants in a population of outpatients that consult a rheumatology center in the city of Bogota. Methodology Through an observational, cross-sectional study, 55 female outpatients with silicone breast implants and rheumatic symptoms were analyzed between 2017-2018 to determine the prevalence of ASIA associated with breast implants. The sample population was provided by a rheumatologic center located in the city of Bogota, Colombia. Frequency of distribution and association measurements were implemented. Results The prevalence of ASIA in female patients with previous breast silicone implants with non-specific rheumatological symptoms is 83.9% with Schoenfeld criteria and 73.7% with Alijota criteria. Bivariate analysis has done between exposure variables, no statistically differences were found, as a result was not possible to show associations. Discussion Diagnosis of ASIA remains controversial in literature, even after meeting diagnostic criteria, many patients simultaneously have other rheumatologic diseases and are exposed to triggering factors for autoimmunity, this also contributes to the diagnostic difficulty of the illness. Conclusion Lack of international consensus for the diagnostic criteria of ASIA makes it challenging to diagnose and therefore it is a limiting factor for the association with silicone breast implants along with multiple triggering factors for autoimmunity. Further investigation by the scientific community through studies of higher epidemiological significance is required.