Complicaciones en pacientes intervenidos por reemplazo valvular aórtico en el Hospital Universitario Mayor Mederi 2015 – 2018

Abstract

Introduction: Aortic valve pathology is the valvular disease with the highest rate of surgical management. Its treatment is constantly evolving. Surgical aortic valve replacement (SARV) is still the standard of care, however transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) represents a valuable alternative in patients with high surgical risk. Knowing our population and its characteristics gives us a better understanding of this disease in our society. Methodology: A retrospective, cross sectional, descriptive study was performed, it describes sociodemographic, clinical and surgical variables and the prevalence of outcomes and postoperative complications in patients with diagnosis of aortical stenosis and aortical insufficiency between 2015 and 2018, who were surgically intervened. Results: Information from 163 patients was collected during the study, 138 patients were managed with SAVR and 25 with TAVI. The most frequent valvular pathology was aortic stenosis 74.8%. The most frequent comorbidity was hypertension 70.5%, followed by COPD 23.9%, smoking 19.6% and obesity 12.7%. The most frequent symptom was dyspnoea and chest pain. 39.6% of patients had any grade of preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) reduction with postoperative improvement in 41%. The average Euro Score II was 4.16%. Global morbidity and mortality was 44% and 9.2% respectively. Conclusion: Clinical and demographical characteristics of the population along with their outcomes are similar to international medical literature reports, nevertheless some aspects intrinsic to the population can influence patient outcomes.