The article is inserted in the problematic of the transformations of the Latin American agrarian world and of the differentiation of the social classes of agriculture, reissuing discussions about the peasant-proletarian complex, in the context of the current agro-exporting economies. The objective of the article is to propose a theoretical-methodological proposal to study the structure of agricultural domestic units (DUs), starting from an operationalization of this notion in relation to the class concept. It is concluded with the proposal of a typology of DUs, which allows to characterize the structures of reproduction of the work force from the sources of origin of its income.