Artículo
Cyto-genotoxicity and oxidative stress in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to a mixture of ibuprofen and diclofenac
Autor
ISLAS FLORES, HARIZ; 265074
Gómez Olivan, Leobardo Manuel; 201091
GALAR MARTINEZ, MARCELA; 121303
SANCHEZ OCAMPO, ESMERALDA MICHELLE; 891446
SAN JUAN REYES, NELY; 413086
ORTIZ REYNOSO, MARIANA; 40498
DUBLAN GARCIA, OCTAVIO; 36251
ISLAS FLORES, HARIZ
Gómez Olivan, Leobardo Manuel
GALAR MARTINEZ, MARCELA
SANCHEZ OCAMPO, ESMERALDA MICHELLE
SAN JUAN REYES, NELY
ORTIZ REYNOSO, MARIANA
DUBLAN GARCIA, OCTAVIO
Institución
Resumen
Thirty million people worldwide consume each day nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), a heterogeneous group of pharmaceuticals used for its analgesic, antipyretic, and anti- inflammatory properties. Recent studies report high NSAID concentrations in wastewater treat- ment plant effluents, in surface, ground, and drinking water, and in sediments. NSAIDs are also known to induce toxicity on aquatic organisms. However, toxicity in natural ecosystems is not usu- ally the result of exposure to a single substance but to a mixture of toxic agents, yet only a few studies have evaluated the toxicity of mixtures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity induced by diclofenac (DCF), ibuprofen (IBP), and their mixture on a species of commercial inter- est, the common carp Cyprinus carpio. The median lethal concentration of IBP and DCF was determined, and oxidative stress was evaluated using the following biomarkers: lipid peroxidation and activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxi- dase. Cyto-genotoxicity was evaluated by micronucleus test, comet assay, and the specific activity of caspase-3. Results show that DCF, IBP, and a mixture of these pharmaceuticals induced free radical production, oxidative stress and cyto-genotoxicity in tissues of C. carpio. However, a greater effect was elicited by the mixture than by either pharmaceutical alone in some biomarkers evaluated, particularly in gill. Secretaria de Investigacion y Estudios Avanzados de la UAEM (Project 3722/ 2014CID).