ANÁLISIS NUMÉRICO DE LA APERTURA Y CIERRE DE GRIETA CON HISTORIA Y SIN HISTORIA PREVIA EN UN MATERIAL APLICABLE EN IMPLANTES BIOMECÁNICOS

Abstract

The increasing use of materials that are able to provide security and stability in different mechanical components, whether structural or machine parts and/or engines, has revived special interest in the study of these components into different load conditions and situations. The presence of cracks in mechanical components is inevitable, since there are always at macroscopic level or level of grain, just is necessary the energy for its spread to be inevitable and thus reduce very significantly the resistance mechanics of material. For this reason, it’s continued the study of components to different load conditions and crack length. There are many different lines of study, considered the crack arrest one of the most important. In other words, it is the increment of strength of the material in the presence of cracks in the structure. As is well known, the presence of cracks is hazard and its effect increases when there are located in the crack tip tensile stresses, causing any increase of energy the crack spread without any remedy, this and the fact that components fail by no apparent reason increased the special interest of study under conditions of elasto-plasticity. One way for increase the mechanical strength of the material, is currently being studied and it is the clever manipulation of residual stresses fields in mechanical components, inducing a history (load history), by the application of a homogeneous load on the component either tension or compression and then by a non-homogeneous load induce a residual stress field, observing the changes for a different story, the theme of this research.