ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO ENTRE MUESTRAS DE SANGRE Y ORINA PARA DETERMINACIÓN DE LA CONCENTRACIÓN DE ALCOHOL

Abstract

At present, one of the most important problems concerning the Institutions involved in justice issues is to determine the alcoholic intoxication of a person involved in a criminal event that took place few hours before. Supporting this conclusion in the extrapolation of a result based in one urine test formula for a probably blood level of alcohol. In this research we proposed to support out the fact of extrapolating the concentration values of alcohol in blood to the values given by the formula that begins concentration of urine level of alcohol is wronged, so we issue a methodology proposed that improves the technique up to now has been used and otherwise we should stop using. To determine the previous hypothesis it was necessary to study the metabolic route after ethylic alcohol drunk, according the pharmacological point of view in order no to apply an arbitrary formula, which is been used up to now. For this analyses it was taken a cadaver blood and urine samples that complete the inclusion elements as: both sexes, any cause of death, cadavers without process of rotting, which they were not coming from hospitals, within 18 and 70 years, antecedent of alcohol ingestion before their death and which blood and urine samples could be taken, to these samples were determined alcohol concentration by gases chromatography test, starting from urine level alcohol founded was applied the formula used in the institutions of justice. The analyses test that came off the alcohol determination in blood by gases chromatography test, (real value alcohol blood level) realized in the chemistry laboratory of the Forensic Medical Service, were confronted with the obtained value to apply it retrospective formula, beginning from the urine alcohol concentration that apparently gives the result blood alcohol concentration, making this was observed that results are not equal, besides this formula at first has an index error of more-less 25%. According with these results we suggested to determine a real blood level of alcohol settles down the law for the extracting a blood sample to determinate the alcohol concentration in blood by gases chromatography test and realize a complete clinical examination thus to sustain the state of drunkenness which is only possible to be diagnosed with clinical parameters.