Thesis
SUSTRATOS ORGÁNICOS Y BIOFERTILIZANTES PARA EL CULTIVO DE JITOMATE (Solanum lycopersicum L.) EN INVERNADERO
Autor
SALAZAR ROJAS, HUGO
Institución
Resumen
In this work it was studied the potential of organic substrates based on byproducts
and industrials organic wastes, added with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (HMA),
leonardite (L) and / or vermicompost leachate (LV), using as an indicator crop tomato
(Solanum lycopersicum L.) cv. Toro respect to an agricultural soil (SA) clay loam
under greenhouse conditions, with the purpose of evaluate the possible use of this
kind of substrates as self-sufficient in organic production. The treatments used were:
T1) base substrate (S2), T2) S2 + LV; T3) S2 + LV + L, T4) S2 + HMA and T5) SA +
Fertilizer. It were make physical and physico-chemical analysis to the substrates
before and after cultivation. The results obtained in the agronomic variables
(longitudinal development (cm) and fruit yield (g / plant)) and of quality (% of weight
loss in 21 days shelf life (dda)) in culture, show the superiority in the potential of these
organic substrates compared to SA and even among themselves. Regarding the
development of tomato plants at 70 days after transplanting (ddt) treatments
significantly influenced (α <0.05) that variable being the T4 which promoted a
significant increase of compared to T5 (52%) longitudinal development at 52% to the
T5 which showed the lowest development. T4 showed a significantly hiegher yield
compared to t1y t5 (140 and 56% respectively) a significantly higher yield compared to T1
and T5. In regard to weight loss at 21 dda T3 had a higher weight loss than T5 (7%),
being fruits of T5 which had less weight loss during the 21 dda. Physical
characteristics of these substrates were within the optimum levels and in some cases
even better, as substrates for horticultural use according to the literature. Regarding
to the measured variables and the type of crop, it was observed that organic
substrates showed significant superiority compared to plants grown in SA. One of the
main problems affecting the SA was its compaction. Thus, this type of substrates,
especially the T4 and T3 could be potentially useful as part of technological packages
of organic agriculture of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cv. Toro, however more
research is needed to affirm this categorically.