Resíduos de pneus e da queima do bagaço da cana-de-açucar na fabricação de blocos de concreto para pavimentação (pavers)

Abstract

The use of waste in the construction industry is gaining more space in the scientific universe and a very discussed point is the real durability and possibility of using the materials developed. The real contribution of this form of waste recycling comes against major environmental issues of the various sectors of the industry, such as the use of natural waste, the inadequate disposal of waste generated and all the consequences generated by them. The present research had as proposal to analyze the potential of use of bagasse ash, sugar and the residue of tires in the manufacture of concrete blocks for paving in place of the small aggregate, the natural sand. For this, initially, the residues were characterized to know their characteristics and feasibility in the substitution, later several substitution contents were studied with the objective of reaching an optimal trait, determined from the physical and mechanical properties analysis of the pieces (dimensional standard , mechanical strength, water absorption and abrasion wear index). After determining the optimal trait, enough pieces were made to execute a prototype road, which was analyzed for a period of 4 months, according to the following parameters: general appearance, infiltration, surface temperature and durability (absorption and abrasion). The optimum substitution content was 27%, 25% of BCC and 2% of tire residue, due to the fact that the trait presented results in the tests performed very close to the reference trait, ie, not negatively influencing characteristics analyzed. An additional aspect analyzed was also the neutralization efficiency of the potentially contaminating metals present in both residues used when used in the proposed civient matrix, which was proven, thus showing that the paver can be considered an environmentally adequate destination for both residues. In the analysis of the behavior of the pieces along the use, no significant difference between the run with waste and the run without waste was observed or raised in the tests performed, which again demonstrate the potentiality of the initial proposal. It can be concluded that, for the conditions studied, the replacement of the small aggregate by CBC and tire waste is potentially feasible, thus contributing to the achievement of a sustainable product.