Disponibilidade hídrica na produção de alstroemeria (Alstroemeria x hybrida) em vasos

Abstract

The water management is a major practical possibilities to achieve significant increases in productivity unchanged in terms of occupied area. For the floricultural industry despite being considered a competitive and profitable activity, studies on the optimal water needs for different species is scarce, and studies and research. Thus the present study aims to identify water management suitable for crop production Alstroemeria x hybrida in pots with substrate. Analyzing its response in yield and quality of the buds. The experiment was conducted under controlled conditions in the Floriculture Industry Polytechnic College of UFSM - RS. They were used vessels of 20 l, with one plant per pot Alstroemeria x hybrida, variety Firenze. The experimental design was completely randomized, with 16 replications and five treatments, totaling 80 experimental units. Throughout the cycle evaluations were made (destruction) of a vessel of each treatment to monitor the development of both shoot (leaf area) and the underground part (rhizomatous structure). Comparison of the results was performed by analysis of variance and regression using the software SISVAR. To evaluate the water consumption were set limits 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90% of the maximum water retention of the substrate in the vessel (CRV), and verified the measurement of moisture of each vessel by the method of weighings of each vessel individually, seven days irrigation interval. The evaluated factors of production were: length and diameter of flowering stems; fresh and dry weight, number of flowers, leaf area and root development. They also determined the reference evapotranspiration and crop coefficient (Kc) in different phenological stages. The results showed that water consumption is larger as the availability rises and is influenced by weather conditions; the crop coefficient (Kc) showed average values of 0.39 and 0.41 for the growing season and early flowering respectively 0.95 for flowering 1.51 for the full flowering and 0.74 for the fall of flowering; water availability of 90% is recommended for the production of long stems, the parameters number of flowers and diameter of the buds did not differ between treatments. The water availability changes all the root structure of Alstroemeria; It is not advised commercial cultivation of Alstroemeria on vessels of up to 20 l.