Dissertação
Influência de variáveis dendrométricas, anatômicas e ambientais na produção de frutos e sementes de Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.
Fecha
2011-11-26Registro en:
IVANOV, Guilherme Boeira. Influence of dendrometric, anatomic and environmental variables in the production of fruits and seeds of brazilian nut (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.). 2011. 93 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2011.
Autor
Ivanov, Guilherme Boeira
Institución
Resumen
Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K. is a semi-deciduous species, heliophyle, characteristic of
forest land and usually emerging, which collects on the fruits and seeds for use in
feed. However, knowledge about the factors that influence the production of the trees
is weak. This work aimed to evaluate the influence of rainfall, soil (texture, depth and
hydromorphic) dendrometric variables (diameter at breast height and insertion of the
crown, tapering, coefficient of taper artificially and taper artificially), qualitative
variables (canopy shape and position), competition, sapwood area and size classes
and grouping of vessels in the production of fruits and seeds of the species. It was
observed that the same number of fruit generate seed yields in kg with significant
differences. Rainfall for the month of September shows a positive correlation with the
production. The deep soil and with texture sandy clay loam or sandy-clay have a
higher yield potential than the shallow and clayey. Trees with less taper (more
cylindrical) tended to produce more than trees with greater taper (more conical).
Trees with full crowns (circular and irregular) have the same productive potential, and
in turn greater potential than those who had half crown. The expected maximum
sapwood area decreases exponentially with increasing competition. Trees with
sapwood area less than 0.030 m² were not productive and less than 0,075 m² always
produce less than 5 kg. Trees that have large solitary vessels are more abundant
and have a tendency to produce less than those of other classes. The greatest
production potential is expected to trees growing and deep soil, with texture sandy
clay loam or clay-sandy, with complete canopies in areas subject to competition for
Bertholletia index (IB) below 33, with sapwood area between 0.37450 and 0.29961
square meters and preferably not have large solitary vessels. The proposed model
for prediction of seed fresh weight (kg) is Peso=-11.16+0.103636·PPSet
+11.699216·galb in soils with texture clayey, in soils with texture sandy clay loam or
sandy-clay are level difference with an increase of 7.40 kg of seeds per tree.