Tese
Viabilidade técnica da produção de etanol a partir de farelo de arroz
Fecha
2016-09-30Registro en:
MICHEL JUNIOR, Raul José dos Santos. TECHNICAL VIABILITY OF ETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM RICE BRAN. 2016. 74 f. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia Agrícola) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2016.
Autor
Michel Junior, Raul José dos Santos
Institución
Resumen
Currently there is great concern about the consumption of fossil fuels, as well as a possible depletion
of traditional sources of production of raw materials mainly hydrocarbon derivatives. Parallel
challenges to the preservation of the environment bring to discussions agenda every question
involving biofuels and their means of obtaining. That said this issue still has major concerns about the
use of raw materials that require less energy expenditure and prevent competition for land for food
production, which end up entering the agenda of externalities related with this issue. In the case of the
production of ethanol from starch sources, traditional processes still have high costs associated with
the production of enzymes used and the great energy demand for starch gelatinisation at high
temperatures. An alternative to the granular starch hydrolysis process is the use of enzymes capable of
processing these starches at low temperatures which makes it unnecessary to gelatinization and
reduces energy expenditure, also called simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF),
resulting in considerable economic advantage. Brazil is a traditional agricultural producer, and the rice
production is quite significant and is as a by-product of rice bran that has low commercial value, being
used for oil extraction, as an ingredient in animal feed and as fertilizer organic therefore be in perfect
conditions to be used as raw starchy material to obtain ethanol. This work aims to investigate the use
of this raw material and set the parameters for increased production scale-up with the use of
commercial enzymes. The initial data to establish the working parameters were taken from the
literature establishing this initial data for testing. In view of the large number of variables used to
Plackett-Burman methodology to verify the effects of the main variables and select the ones that have
most effect on the model.Thus for the job 1 in the shake flasks were selected following parameters:
concentration of bran inoculum percentage, corn percentage of water macerated, soybean
concentration, enzyme percentage yeast addition time and percentage of cellulase. This initial
planning, among the most significant variables and, consequently, were selected for the planning
application Outlining Central Composite Rotational (CCRD), are rice bran concentration, the
percentage of inoculum and the percentage of cellulase. To work 2 were investigated variables
agitation and temperature in ethanol production in bioreactor 3 liters. For analysis of the experiment of
reducing sugar was used DNS method (Miller, 1959), and analysis of the ethanol present in the sample
specimens were removed and subjected to Alcolyzer. For the tests performed in the first work the
greatest amount of ethanol was obtained at 12 assay which was reached 172.70 grams of ethanol per
kilogram of rice bran with 84% efficiency in the experiment. For experiments performed in the second
study, with 3 liter reactor the best result is shown in Test 1 reaching 182.52 grams of ethanol per
kilogram of rice bran with 89% efficiency. Thus, it was demonstrated that there is considerable
potential for the production of ethanol using this raw material. Taking into account that the availability
of this raw material is estimated at 1 million tonnes per year, the IRGA, we would have a much
ethanol around 35 to 50 million liters per year.